“互联网+”背景下药品网络交易治理的困境及其出路

The Dilemma and Outlet of Drug Online Trading Governance under the Background of “Internet +”

随着互联网和电子商务的迅速发展,药品网络交易已成为药品流通的重要途径之一。新兴的“互联网+药品流通”在减少交易成本、提高流通效率、促进信息公开的同时,亦暴露出网络售药资质欠缺、违规销售处方药、物流配送安全得不到保障等问题。立法的价值定位摇摆不定、执法水平明显不足、司法救济存在缺失等共同构成了药品网络交易的制度困境。制度革新的关键是制度在价值位阶上如何选择,以及如何实现执法的帕累托改进和司法救济的卡尔多-希克斯改进。为此,应在立法层面衡量监管的效率与公平,采取适度监管原则,进一步松绑政策;在执法层面厘清监管职责,丰富监管内容,创新监管手段,形成共治格局;在司法救济层面畅通侵权损害的救济机制,作出更有利于消费者的责任认定和损害赔偿设定。

With the rapid development of internet and e-commerce,drug online trading has become one of the important ways of drug circulation. The emerging“internet + drug circulation” has brought about benefits such as reducing transaction costs,improving circulation efficiency and promoting information disclosure. It also exposed safety problems such as lack of online sales qualification,illegal sales of prescription drugs,and logistics distribution. The reasons are that it is difficult to choose the legislative principles,improve the sufficiency of law enforcement,and guarantee the judicial remedies,which together constitute the system dilemma of drug online trading. With the help of legal and economic tools,it is not difficult to find that the key to the innovation of drug online trading system is how to choose the system on the value level,and how to achieve Pareto improvement of law enforcement and Caldoshix improvement of judicial relief. The way to solve the problem is: adopting appropriate regulatory principles,improving legislation and loosening policy;clarifying regulatory responsibilities,enriching regulatory content,innovating regulatory means,forming a pattern of co-governance;establishing and improving remedy mechanism for tort damage,make more conducive to consumer liability and damage compensation.