《文心雕龙》英译中的文化翻译策略

Cultural Translation Strategies in English Translations of Wenxin Diaolong

《文心雕龙》的翻译不仅是跨语言的交流,更是跨文化的传播,文化内容的处理是不同译本呈现丰富差异的关键因素。施友忠的译本以中释中,重在中国化;杨宪益和戴乃迭的译本以西释中,重在西方化;宇文所安的译本双向阐释,重在发现中西文论的异同点;杨国斌的译本以今释古,注重古词阐释的现代维度。文化翻译策略的核心是译者的文化情怀和文化立场,在翻译过程中,译者往往自觉或不自觉地受自身思维习惯的影响,把自己对祖国、对民族文化的美好情感灌注于译文中。成功的翻译策略在源语作者和目的语读者之间架设一道心灵之桥,作者因此得以抵达读者的心灵,完成一次愉快的文化之旅。译本只有具备较高的可读性和可接受性,才能获得在异域重生的机会。

The translation of Wenxin Diaolong is not only a cross-language communication but also a cross-cultural transmission, in which the handling of cultural content is the key factor that results in the rich diversity between various versions: Vincent Yu-chung Shih's version uses Chinese elements to interpret Chinese culture, emphasizing the strategy of domestication;Yang Xianyi and Gladys Yang' s translation uses western elements to interpret Chinese culture, presenting the characteristics of foreig nizati on;Step he n Owen's version adopts the method of bidirecti onal interpretati on, stressing similarities and differences between Chinese and Western literary theories;Yang Guobin' s translation employs contemporary elements to in terpret traditional culture, ex pan di ng the modern dimension of ancient expressions. The core of cultural translation strategy is the translator' s cultural feelings and cultural standpoints. Translators, influenced by their own thinking habits, consciously or unconsciously, pour their feelings for the home country and native culture into their works. A successful translation strategy builds a mental bridge between the source-language author and the target-language reader, through which the author reaches the reader's mind, completing a pleasant aesthetic journey. Only with high readability and acceptability can translated texts get the chance to be reborn in foreign regions.