社会经济因素对上海市居住区植物多样性的影响

Effects of socioeconomic factors on urban plant diversity of residential areas in Shanghai,China

居住区是城市地区主要的土地利用类型之一,也是城市生物的重要生境之一,在生物多样性保护中发挥着重要作用.前人研究发现,国外城市居住区的植物多样性受到社会经济水平的影响,在中国的城市管理体制下,上述结论是否成立有待证明.本研究对上海市39个居住区进行植物多样性调查,选取人口密度、房价、房龄、绿化率4个社会经济指标,利用单因素分析和偏最小二乘回归分析方法,探讨社会经济因素对上海市居住区植物多样性的影响.结果表明:社会经济因素会影响城市居住区的植物多样性,人口密度、房价、房龄和绿化率对不同分类群的物种多样性的影响各异.其中,房龄对大多数分类群的影响效果最大,其次是人口密度、绿化率和房价.本研究证明,"奢侈效应"和"遗产效应"假说在上海城市居住区只适用于一部分植物类群.研究结果可为上海的城市植物多样性的维持、保护、管理以及城市和景观规划提供参考.

Residential area,usually consisting of buildings and vegetation,is one of the dominant land use types and an important kind of habitat in the urban area.Therefore,it plays an important role in urban biodiversity conservation.Previous studies found that plant diversity abroad in urban residential areas was influenced by socioeconomic factors.However,it is not clear whether this result hold for Chinese cities which have completely different urban management regime.In this study,we investigated plant species diversity in 39 residential neighborhoods in Shanghai.Biodiversity indexes,regression analysis,and partial least square regression analysis were employed to estimate the relationships between plant diversity and socioeconomic factors of population density,house price,house age and greenspace coverage.Our results showed that socioeconomic factors did affect plant diversity in urban residential areas in Shanghai.The effects varied with plant species,population density,house price,house age,and greenspace coverage.The house age had the strongest effect on most plant taxa,then followed by population density,house price,and greenspace coverage.We tested the hypotheses of“luxury effect”and“legacy effect”,and found that they only partially explained the spatial distribution of plant taxa in Shanghai.These results could provide insights for management and conservation of plant diversity,as well as urban landscape planning and design in Shanghai.