孕哺期至成年反式脂肪酸摄入对小鼠学习记忆能力的影响

Effects of intake of trans fatty acids on memory and learning among offspring mice during gestation,lactation and adulthood

目的探讨孕哺期至成年反式脂肪酸(TFA)摄入对子代小鼠学习记忆能力的影响。方法将30只SPF级妊娠昆明小鼠随机分为3组,分别为对照组和低剂量(4%TFA占供能比)组、高剂量(8%TFA占供能比)组,每组10只。自妊娠第0天至仔鼠出生后第21天(断乳),采用饲喂方法进行染毒;断乳后,雄性仔鼠继续染毒,方法同母鼠,直至出生第24周。采用Morris水迷宫定位航行实验和平台探索实验测定仔鼠学习记忆功能。结果在定位航行实验中,与对照组比较,训练第5天高剂量TFA组雄性仔鼠到达平台的总路径延长,训练第4天和第5天高剂量TFA组仔鼠逃避潜伏期延长,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在空间探索实验中,与对照组比较,高剂量TFA组和低剂量TFA组雄性仔鼠的穿越平台次数较少,高剂量TFA组雄性仔鼠在目标象限停留时间较短,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);各剂量TFA组雄性仔鼠在其他象限的停留时间均无明显变化。结论孕哺期至成年高剂量的TFA摄入可影响仔鼠脑组织发育,损害学习记忆能力。

Objective To explore the influences of intake of trans fatty acids on memory and learning among offspring mice during pregnancy, lactation and adulthood. Methods A total of 30 SPF pregnant Kunming mice were random separated into three groups,such as the control group, low-dose trans fatty acids intake group (4% energy supply), high-dose trans fatty acids intake group (8% energy supply),ten in each group. From pregnancy to the 21st day after the birth of offspring mice,the pregnant mice were exposed to TFA through feeding. After weaning,the male offspring mice were continuously treated with the same exposure as the parent did until the end of the twenty-fourth week after birth. Morris water maze test was used to observe the learning and memory ability of male offspring mice,which had two parts, platform orientation test and spatial probe test. Results In the platform orientation test, compared with the control group,the male offspring mice in high-dose trans fatty acids intake group had longer length of swimming trajectory at the fifth training day ( P <0.05),and longer mean escape latency periods at the fourth and fifth training days (P<0.05). In the spatial probe test, compared with the control group,the times of crossing platform were significant lower in low-dose and high-dose trans fatty acids intake group (P<0.05),and duration in target quadrant (platform existed previously) were significant shorter in high-dose trans fatty acids intake group (P<0.05). No significantly differences was found in duration in other quadrants in low-dose and high-dose trans fatty acids intake groups. Conclusion High-dose intake of trans fatty acids during gestation, lactation and adulthood can affect the development of the nervous system, and influence the ability of learning and memory.