基于改进AHP法的露天矿爆破效果影响因素分析

Influence Factors of Open-pit Blasting Effect Based on Improved AHP

在露天矿的爆破过程中,其爆破效果受到多种因素的影响,为了改善爆破效果,需要确定其主要影响因素。基于改进的层次分析法,选取了影响爆破效果的15个常见因素进行分析,并建立了系统递阶层次结构模型,采用三标度法建立影响因素的比较矩阵,并应用数学方法优化成一致性矩阵,进行定性和定量分析得出各影响因素的权重以及权重排序。研究结果表明:主要影响因素为孔网参数、装药结构、弹性模量、起爆顺序、岩石条件、填塞质量、岩石密度,其权重值分别为0.3059,0.1816,0.1262,0.0701,0.0638,0.0615,0.0590。选取孔网参数和炸药密度两个影响因素进行现场实验比较,证实了孔网参数对爆破效果影响更大。该方法在分析露天矿爆破效果影响因素时更具有可靠性,分析结果可为优化露天矿爆破方案设计提供决策依据,为改善爆破效果提供参考。

In the process of open-pit blasting,the blasting effect is affected by various factors.In order to improve the blasting effect,the main influencing factors need to be determined.Based on the improved analytic hierarchy process(AHP),15 common factors affecting the blasting effect were selected for analysis,and the system hierarchy structure model was established.The comparison matrix of the influencing factors was established by the three-scale method,and then was optimized to the consistency matrix by mathematical method.Qualitative and quantitative analysis were carried out to obtain the weight of each influencing factor and the ordering of weights.The results showed that the main influencing factors were pore network parameters,charge structure,elastic modulus,detonation sequence,rock condition,packing quality and rock density.The weights of corresponding main influencing factors were 0.3059,0.1816,0.1262,0.0701,0.0638,0.0615 and 0.0590.The comparison of the pore network parameter and the explosive density was carried out in the field tests,which confirmed that the pore network parameter had a greater impact on the blasting effect.The method was more reliable in analyzing the influencing factors of open-pit blasting effect.The analysis results can provide a decision-making basis for optimizing the design of open-pit blasting scheme,and provide a reference for improving blasting effect.