“拐点”之际的农业劳动力深层次转移思考

Reflections on the Deep Transfer of Agricultural Labor Force at the Turning Point

长期以来,受政策缺位、城乡二元结构等因素的影响,大多数农业转移劳动力并未能够真正融入城市,而是成为了城市和农村之间的流动人口,农业劳动力转移未能向深层次发展。2010年以来,我国农民工增速呈现持续下降的趋势,这也意味着,学界争论已久的农业剩余劳动力供给"拐点"时刻即将到来,这对我国城镇化建设的影响不容小觑。要继续推动我国城镇化进程,就必须深化对户籍制度、劳动力市场、农村土地制度等方面的改革,进而构建起良好的政策环境,这将成为提高农业劳动力转移意愿、稳定已有转移成果以及推动城镇化进程的有效路径选择。

For a long time, due to the absence of policies, urban-rural dual structure and other factors, most of the agricultural transfer labor force has not really integrated into the city, but become the floating population between the city and the countryside, and the transfer of agricultural labor force has not developed to a deeper level.Since 2010, the growth rate of migrant workers in China has shown a downward trend, which also means that the inflection point of agricultural surplus labor supply,which has been debated for a long time by academia,is coming, and its impact on China’s urbanization construction can not be underestimated.To continue to promote the process of urbanization in China, we must deepen the reform of household registration system, labor market and rural land system, and then build a good policy environment, which will become an effective way to improve the willingness to transfer agricultural labor force,stabilize existing transfer results and promote the process of urbanization.