社区老年人饮茶与衰弱状况的关系研究

The relationship between drinking tea and frailty in the community elderly

目的探讨社区老年人饮茶与衰弱的关系。方法采用自行设计的调查问卷调查老年人的一般资料以及饮茶情况,采用蒂尔堡衰弱指标量表评估老年人的衰弱状况,采用握力、4 m步行时间以及起立步行计时测试评估老年人的体能水平。分析影响社区老年人衰弱的因素以及饮茶情况与衰弱的关系。结果具有以及不具有饮茶习惯的社区老年人衰弱发生率分别为55.6%(69/124)和79.3%(96/121),2组比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=15.634,P<0.01);具有饮茶习惯的社区老年人衰弱总分、身体功能以及心理功能维度得分分别为(4.53 ± 2.51)、(2.46 ± 1.86)、(1.11 ± 0.97)分,不具有饮茶习惯的社区老年人分别为(5.52 ± 2.54)、(3.20 ± 1.78)、(1.36 ± 0.97)分,2组比较差异有统计学意义(t=3.064、3.178、2.015,均P<0.05);具有以及不具有饮茶习惯的社区老年人握力分别为(29.06 ± 9.02)、(23.96 ± 7.48)kg,2组比较差异有统计学意义(t=-4.824,P<0.01)。Logistic回归分析显示合并症数、是否具有锻炼习惯以及是否具有饮茶习惯是衰弱的影响因素。结论饮茶或许可以降低老年人衰弱的发生和改善老年人体能状况,但是未来还需进行更大样本的调查性研究以及干预研究来进一步探索饮茶与衰弱的关系。

Objective To explore the relationship between drinking tea and frailty among the elderly in the community. Methods A self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate the basic data of the elderly and their status of drinking tea. Tilburg Frailty Index scale was used to evaluate the frailty of the elderly. The physical levels of the elderly were assessed by grip strength, 4 m walking time and time up & go. The factors affecting frailty of the elderly and the relationship between status of drinking tea and frailty were analyzed. Results The incidence of frailty in the community with and without habits of drinking tea was 55.6%(69/124) and 79.3%(96/121).There was significantly difference between them (χ2=15.634, P<0.01). The total scores, body function and mental dimensions of frailty of the former were 4.53±2.51, 2.46±1.86 and 1.11±0.97 and that of the later were 5.52±2.54, 3.20±1.78 and 1.36±0.97. There was significantly difference between them (t=3.064, 3.178, 2.015, P<0.05). The grip strength of the former and the latter was (29.06±9.02) kg and (23.96±7.48) kg and there was significantly difference between them (t=-4.824, P<0.01). The Logistic regression analysis showed that the number of complications, the habit of exercise and the habit of drinking tea were the factors influencing frailty. Conclusions Drinking tea may decrease the incidence of frailty and improve fitness level in the elderly. However, investigative research involving larger number of subjects and intervention studies are needed to explore further the relationship between drinking tea and frailty in the future.