信息支持对早产初产妇育儿胜任感及亲职压力的效果评价

Effective evaluation on informational support of the parenting sense of competence and parenting stress in primiparas

目的探讨小组授课、现场演示、建立微信群等方式的信息支持模式对早产初产妇育儿胜任感及亲职压力的影响。方法选取2017年11月至2018年4月郑州大学第一附属医院的早产初产妇95例,将2017年11月至2018年1月出院的早产儿母亲作为对照组,2018年2-4月出院的早产儿母亲作为试验组。对照组失访7例,试验组失访5例。对照组接受常规护理模式,试验组于早产儿出院后的前4个月每月进行1次门诊随访时对其母亲进行信息支持,包括小组授课、现场演示、建立微信群等方式,于产后1、3、6个月收集2组初产妇的中文版育儿胜任感量表、父母亲职压力量表简表得分。结果产后6个月时,试验组初产妇的中文版育儿胜任感量表总分及效能感、满足感分量表得分分别为(82.60±4.45)、(39.19±3.25)、(43.40±3.47)分,对照组分别为(76.83±7.88)、(36.90±4.82)、(39.93±5.16)分,2组比较差异有统计学意义(t=4.117、2.541、3.613,均P<0.05);产后6个月时,试验组初产妇的父母亲职压力量表简表总分及亲职愁苦、亲子互动失调、困难儿童分量表得分分别为(80.31±9.50)、(28.62±4.54)、(23.98±4.91)、(26.14±5.15)分,对照组分别为(87.36±8.58)、(32.55±4.88)、(25.95±4.15)、(28.84±4.88)分,2组比较差异有统计学意义(t=-3.568~3.823,均P<0.05)。结论信息支持模式可提高初产妇的育儿胜任感,降低其亲职压力。

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness on informational support of the parenting sense of competence and parenting stress in primiparas. Methods Ninety-five primiparas in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University were recruited from November 2017 to April 2018, mothers of premature infants discharged from hospital from November 2017 to January 2018 were divided into the control group,and which discharged from February 2018 to April 2018 were divided into the experimental group conveniently.Seven cases in the control group and 5 cases in the experimental group dropped out. The control group received routine nursing care, 4 times of informational support were implemented to the mothers of premature infants at the first 4 months after discharged in the experimental group,included team teaching, live demonstration, set up a wechat group, et al. All primiparas were investigated using the Chinese version of Parenting Sense of Competence Scale(C-PSOC) and the Parenting Stress Index-Short Form(PSI-SF) at the 1th,3th,6th month postpartum. Results At the 6th month postpartum, total scores of the Chinese version of Parenting Sense of Competence Scale and subscale scores of self-efficacy, satisfaction of the mothers of premature infants were 82.60±4.45, 39.19±3.25, 43.40±3.47, respectively in the experimental group,and the scores were 76.83±7.88, 36.90±4.82, 39.93±5.16, respectively in the control group, the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(t=4.117, 2.541, 3.613, P<0.05). At the 6th month postpartum,total scores of the Parenting Stress Index-Short Form and subscale scores of parenting distress,parent-child dysfunctional interaction,difficult child of the mothers of premature infants were 80.31±9.50, 28.62±4.54, 23.98±4.91, 26.14±5.15, respectively in the experimental group,and the scores were 87.36±8.58, 32.55±4.88, 25.95±4.15, 28.84±4.88, respectively in the control group,the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(t=-3.568-3.823, P<0.05). Conclusions Informational support can effectively improve the parenting sense of competence and relieve the parenting stress in primiparas.