“传播仪式观”的学术旅行:基于社交媒体时代的回望

Academic Travel of "Ritual View of Communication" :Looking Back in the Age of Social Media

本文运用萨义德的“理论旅行”作为分析工具,梳理了“传播的仪式观”的概念源起、发展演进,勾勒出仪式观从诞生到进入国内学界的旅行轨迹。为批判实证主义的效果研究,凯瑞糅合了参与式民主、符号互动论等多种思想,创制出仪式观这一概念。作为美国文化研究的核心概念,仪式观由于其难以自洽的理论脉络以及社会语境的变化,在进入中国后催生出一系列实体化的经验研究,不仅批判性大为削弱,而且引发了不同立场学者之间的激烈论战。当下,仪式观的交流性、互动性、情境化、去权力化等特征,适用于研究直播、弹幕等媒介现象,社交媒体时代共享性、仪式性的媒介景观将带给仪式观新的学术生命力。

Using Edward W.Said's“traveling theory”as an analytical tool,this paper sorts out the origin,development and evolution of the concept of“ritual view of communication”,and outlines the journey path of this concept from its birth to its introduction into the domestic academic circle.To criticize the effect studies of positivism,James W.Carey combined various ideas such as participatory democracy and symbolic interaction theory to create the concept”ritual view of communication”.As the core concept of American culture research,“ritual view of communication”,due to the theoretical context that is not self-consistentand changes in social context,has spawned a series of substantive empirical studies after entering China,which not only weakened its criticalness,but also triggered fierce debates among scholars of different positions.At present,the communicative,interactive,contextual and depowered features of“ritual view of communication”make it suitable for studying media phenomena such as live broadcast and barrage.The shared and ritualistic media landscape in the social media age will bring new academic vitality to this concept.