论国际法视域下南海争端中的“硬性”主权与“软性”权益

"Hard" Sovereignty and "Soft" Interests in the South China Sea Dispute under the International Law

实现中国南海地区的和平与稳定是推进我国海洋强国战略、维护国家安全的重要一环,是打造东南亚国家"命运共同体"的重要前提。然而,由于领土主权等核心利益纠纷,南海地区摩擦不断,形成当下各国在南海的对立状态。本文从国际法视角出发,以联合国海洋法公约、一般国际法律文本等为依据,剖析南海周边各国在"硬性"主权层面(九段线的合法地位、岛礁的法理地位以及"灰区"划界问题等)和"软性"权益层面(海事规则制定与资源"共同开发"等)上产生的争议,找出相关主张的法理依据及其不足,为我国回应质疑、占据法律与道德高地提供对策参考。

Achieving peace and stability in the South China Sea is an important part for promoting China’s maritime strategy and maintaining national security.It is an important precondition for building a "Destiny Community" in Southeast Asian countries.However,due to the core interests disputes over territorial sovereignty and other affairs,the friction between these countries has lead to the current state of opposition in the South China Sea.From the perspective of international law,based on the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea and other general international law,this paper focus on analyzing the "Hard" Sovereignty Disputes(the legal status of the nine-line line,the legal status of the islands and reefs,and the demarcation of the "Grey Area",etc.) and the "Soft" Interests Disputes(formulating on the maritime rules and "Joint Development" on the ocean resources,etc.),finding out the legal basis and shortcomings of relevant claims,and providing countermeasures for China to respond the doubts and occupy legal and moral high ground.