阶段性锻炼措施对乳腺癌根治术后患者康复效果及关节作用的影响

Effect of staged exercise on rehabilitation and joint function of patients after radical mastectomy

目的探讨阶段性锻炼措施对乳腺癌根治术后患者的康复效果及关节作用。方法选取2015年11月~2016年11月该院收治的行乳腺癌根治术治疗患者134例作为研究对象,根据随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组各67例。对照组采用常规护理,观察组在对照组基础上实施阶段性锻炼措施。3个月后,观察记录两组患者术后并发症发生情况以及患侧肢关节功能、运动耐力、生活质量评分,并分析比较。结果观察组患者术后发生上肢水肿、关节僵硬、上肢疼痛以及肌肉萎缩等并发症较少,发生率只有7.46%,对照组发生率为25.37%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者术后3个月社会活动、心理活动及躯体功能评分均显著高于对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后3个月,观察组患者关节功能恢复较好,前屈、外展、内旋、外旋、内收以及后伸角度均显著高于对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者术后3个月运动耐力明显优于对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论阶段性锻炼措施对乳腺癌根治术后患者上肢功能康复疗效较好,有效降低患者患侧上肢疼痛、水肿、关节僵硬等并发症发生概率,提高患者术后运动耐力和关节活动度,关节康复作用较好,生活质量显著提升。

Objective To explore the rehabilitation effect and joint effect of staged exercise on patients after radical mastectomy. Methods From November 2015 to November 2016, 134 patients who received radical mastectomy in this hospital were selected as the study subjects. According to the random number table, 67 patients were divided into the observation group and the control group. The control group was treated with routine nursing, and the observation group was treated with staged exercise.After 3 months, postoperative complications, joint function, exercise endurance and quality of life scores of the two groups of patients were observed and compared. Results Postoperative complications such as upper limb edema, joint stiffness, upper limb pain and muscle atrophy were less in the observation group (7.46%), and 25.37% in the control group, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.05). The social activity, psychological activity and physical function scores of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group 3 months after the operation, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.05). 3 months after the operation, the recovery of joint function in the observation group was better, with the anterior flexion, abduction, pronation, pronation, adduction and posterior extension angles significantly higher than those in the control group, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.05). The exercise endurance of the observation group was significantly better than that of the control group 3 months after operation, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Staged exercise measures have a good effect on upper limb functional rehabilitation of patients after radical resection of breast cancer, effectively reduce the incidence of complications such as pain, edema and joint stiffness on the affected side of patients, improve postoperative exercise endurance and range of motion of the patients, and have a good effect on joint rehabilitation and significantly improved quality of life.