科学、艺术与自然——论梅洛-庞蒂对塞尚绘画的现象学诠释

Science, Art and Nature:On Merleau-Ponty’s Phenomenological Explanation of Cezanne’s Paintings

现代绘画之父保罗·塞尚凭借对印象画派画风的改造,深刻地影响到了后来的野兽画派和立体画派。梅洛-庞蒂紧抓塞尚的“自然”概念,从科学与艺术这两个角度分析了塞尚绘画中所表达的“深度”,指出这一“深度”不是“宽度”,而是存在的意义被分析、归类、比较之前的“暧昧整体”,是对存在之原初体验的显现。这不仅是对笛卡尔主义绘画理论的反动,而且将黑格尔的“辩证法”运用于绘画理论研究。梅洛-庞蒂的诠释,将有助于揭示现代绘画的走向。

Through changing the painting style of Impressionism,Paul Cézanne,the father of modern painting,profoundly affects the subsequent fauvism and cubism.Centering on Cézanne’s concept of“nature”,Merleau-Ponty analyzes the“depth”expressed in Cézanne’s paintings from the perspective of science and art.He holds that the“depth”is not the“breadth”,but the“ambiguous entirety”before the significance of being is analyzed,classified and compared,as well as the manifestation of primary experience of being.This is not only the reaction against the painting theory of Cartesianism,but applies Hegel’s“dialectics”into the studies of the painting theory.Merleau-Ponty’s explanation will be of great help to uncover the tendency of modern painting.