儿童社交自我知觉与抑郁感的关系：拒绝敏感性的中介作用与情绪调节能力的调节作用

Relations between Self-Perceived Social Competence and Depression:Mediation of Rejections Sensitivity and Moderation of Emotion Regulation

目的:探讨儿童社交自我知觉对抑郁感的影响过程中拒绝敏感性和情绪调节能力扮演的角色。方法:采用自我报告的方式调查了643名4年级至7年级儿童,运用儿童自我知觉量表、儿童抑郁量表、儿童拒绝敏感性问卷以及自我调节量表进行施测。结果:①儿童的社交自我知觉可以负向预测拒绝敏感性;②拒绝敏感性在社交自我知觉与抑郁感之间起部分中介作用;③情绪调节能力调节了社交自我知觉通过拒绝敏感性影响抑郁感过程的后半路径,即在情绪调节能力较差的儿童中,拒绝敏感性能够显著正向预测抑郁感,而在情绪调节能力较好的儿童中,这一预测作用不再显著。结论:社交自我知觉通过拒绝敏感性影响抑郁感,并且这一过程的后半路径受到情绪调节能力的调节,研究结果可为儿童社交自我知觉影响抑郁感背后的形成过程提供新的解释,具有重要的启示意义。

Objective: The study aims to explain the relations between self-perceived social competence, depression, rejection sensitivity, and emotion regulation. Methods: 643 participants from grade 4 to grade 7 were recruited in Shanghai to complete the Self-Perception Profile for Children(SPPC), the Childhood Depression Inventory(CDI), the Child Rejection Sensitivity Questionnaire(CRSQ) and the Self-Regulation Scale(SRS). Results:①Children’s self-perceived social competence negatively predicted depression;②Rejection sensitivity partially mediated the relation between self-perceived social competence and depression;③Emotion regulation moderated the mediating path through rejection sensitivity. Conclusion:Rejection sensitivity is a mediator between self-perceived social competence and depression, which is moderated by emotion regulation. These findings contribute to understand the formation of Chinese children’s depression and suggest the necessity of intervention by improving emotion regulation ability and concerning the cultural factor.