基于全国样本的性少数大学生心理健康状况的调查

Investigation on Mental Health Status of Sexual Minority College Students Based on National Samples of China

目的:探查全国性少数大学生的整体心理健康状况。方法:在10个省级行政区域的26所高校中进行在线整群抽样,采用90项症状自评量表之抑郁及焦虑分量表、健全人格取向的大学生心理健康量表作为工具,对10590名大学生进行问卷调查。结果:①本研究的被试中,异性恋者占88.45%,同性恋者占2.05%,双性恋者占5.11%,其他性取向者占0.91%,另有3.48%的被试不愿意报告性取向。②性少数大学生在抑郁、焦虑和自杀意念上的得分显著高于异性恋大学生,而其健全人格取向的心理健康得分显著低于异性恋大学生。③性少数大学生健全人格取向的心理健康得分呈现出随受教育水平升高而升高的趋势(P=0.051)。④性少数大学生健全人格取向的心理健康得分随着生源地城市化水平的升高而升高,多重比较表明,大城市性少数大学生的健全人格取向心理健康得分显著高于农村性少数大学生。⑤家庭经济状况与性少数大学生的抑郁、焦虑、自杀意念显著负相关,与其健全人格取向的心理健康得分显著正相关。结论:性少数大学生的心理健康状况欠佳,需引起高校心理健康教育工作的重视。

Objective: To explore the overall mental health status of sexual minority college students in China. Methods: This study conducted the online cluster sampling in 26 colleges and universities of 10 provincial administrative regions, using the depression and anxiety sub-lists of Symptom Checklist 90(SCL-90) and the Mental Health Scale for College Students(MHS-CS) to conduct the questionnaire survey on 10, 590 college students. Results:①Among the subjects in this study, 88.45% were heterosexual, 2.05% were homosexual, 5.11% were bisexual, 0.91% were other sexual orientations and 3.48% were unwilling to report their sexual orientations.②The scores of sexual minority college students were significantly higher than those of heterosexual college students in terms of depression, anxiety and suicide ideation, while the scores of MHS-CS were significantly lower than those of heterosexual college students.③Sexual minority college students had the scores of MHS-CS tend to rise with the increase of their education level(P=0.051).④Sexual minority college students had the scores of MHS-CS rise with the increase of the urbanization level in the origin of students. Multiple comparisons showed that the scores of MHS-CS for sexual minority college students in large cities were significantly higher than those of the sexual minority college students from rural areas.⑤The family economic status was significantly negatively correlated with the depression, anxiety and suicidal ideation of sexual minority college students, and significantly positively correlated with the scores of MHS-CS of them. Conclusion: The mental health of sexual minority college students is not good, and it is urgent to pay attention to them.