上海市某三级口腔医院青少年固定正畸患者的菌斑清除状况调查

Status quo of plaque removal in adolescent patients undergoing fixed orthodontics in a Class Ⅲ stomatology hospital in Shanghai

目的了解上海市某三级口腔医院青少年固定正畸患者的菌斑清除状况,为制订精准口腔健康教育措施,提高患者口腔健康自我管理能力提供依据。方法采用方便抽样方法,选取2018年9—11月在上海某三级口腔医院就诊的220例固定正畸患者,采用菌斑显示剂使菌斑染色,根据牙面菌斑面积计算,采用5度记录法采集和记录患者的正畸菌斑指数。分析不同特征的患者、口腔内不同位置、不同象限、不同牙位、不同形态的牙齿及牙齿唇(颊)面不同区域的菌斑指数差异。结果220例固定正畸患者的正畸菌斑指数为(1.58±0.66),范围为0.31~3.33。口腔内不同象限、不同牙位、不同形态的牙齿及牙齿唇(颊)面不同区域的菌斑指数差异有统计学意义(F值分别为99.432、6.552、3.862、25.887;P<0.05)。不同性别、年龄、正畸时间的患者菌斑指数差异有统计学意义(F/t值分别为5.681、3.159、2.947;P<0.05)。磨牙与其他3种形态的牙齿相比较,菌斑指数最高;下颌牙的菌斑清除效果优于上颌牙;侧切牙、托槽左右侧弓丝下区域、托槽龈方的近中和远中邻间隙区域的菌斑清除状况不容乐观。结论青少年固定正畸患者的菌斑清除状况不容乐观,应通过正畸菌斑指数的采集结果,有针对性地开展健康教育。

Objective To explore the status quo of plaque removal in adolescent patients undergoing fixed orthodontics in a ClassⅢstomatology hospital in Shanghai,and to provide a reference for formulating precise oral health education measures and improving patients'health self-management ability.Methods Totally 220 patients undergoing fixed orthodontics in a ClassⅢstomatology hospital in Shanghai between September and November 2018 were selected by convenient sampling.The plaque disclosing agent was used to stain the plaque.A 5-degree method was used to collect and record the patients'orthodontic plaque index which was calculated according to the plaque area on the dental face.Statistical analysis was employed to analyze the differences in the plaque index between different locations,quadrants,tooth positions,teeth in different shapes and different areas on the dental or lip face in patients with different characteristics.Results The orthodontic plaque index of the 220 patients undergoing fixed orthodontics was(1.58±0.66),ranging 0.31-3.33.There were statistically significant difference in the plaque index between different locations,quadrants,tooth positions,teeth in differents shapes and different areas on the dental or lip face(F=99.432,6.552,3.862,25.887;P<0.05).There were statistically significant differences in the plaque index between patients with different gender,age or time of orthodontics(F/t=5.681,3.159,2.947;P<0.05).Compared with the teeth in the other 3 shapes,grinded teeth showed the highest plaque index.The plaque removal effect of mandibular teeth was better than that of maxillary teeth.The plaque removal of lateral incisors and areas under the arch wire on both right and left orthodontic brackets as well as the mesial and distal areas of the gingiva was not satisfactory.Conclusions The plaque removal in adolescent patients undergoing fixed orthodontics is not satisfactory.Targeted health education should be provided based on the collected orthodontic plaque index.