基于静态GNSS双基线的山区地表开采沉陷监测方法

Monitoring Method of Surface Mining Subsidence in Mountainous Area Based on Static GNSS Double Base Line

对山区地表开采沉陷进行高精度监测是现阶段山区地表开采沉陷问题研究的热点和难点。对当前常用的开采沉陷监测方法的优缺点进行了分析,指出GNSS静态测量模式仍是当前山区地表开采沉陷监测的首选方法。但由于地表开采沉陷监测网型特殊,采用传统GNSS静态监测方法需要的控制点多,极大浪费人力、物力和财力。基于CORS测量原理,提出了静态GNSS双基线测量方法,讨论了该方法的实际操作技术流程和数据处理方法,并进一步分析了该方法的优越性。以某矿22618工作面地表控制点和部分监测点的其中4期监测数据为例,分析了采用静态GNSS双基线法监测山区地表开采沉陷的误差,结果显示,控制点和所选监测点解算的高程中误差最大为4.4 mm,通过对比分析控制点各期高程的高差互差,可知误差均未超过3 mm,进一步证实了该方法的有效性。在上述分析的基础上,针对该矿22618工作面采用所提方法进行了地表开采沉陷监测,获得了该地质采矿条件下的地表开采沉陷的部分角量参数。研究结果对于进一步丰富和完善山区地表开采沉陷监测理论体系具有一定的参考价值。

Accurately monitoring of surface mining subsidence in mountainous area is a hot topic and difficult point in the research of surface mining subsidence in mountainous area.In view of this problem,the advantages and disadvantages of current mining subsidence monitoring methods are analyzed,and it is points out that GNSS static measurement model is still the first choice for surface mining subsidence monitoring in mountainous area.But due to the special surface mining subsidence monitoring network type,the traditional GNSS static monitoring requires many control points and wastes human,material and financial resources.Based on the principle of CORS measurement,the method of static GNSS double baseline measurement is proposed,the practical technical flow and data processing method of the monitoring method are given,and the superiority of the method is analyzed.Taking the four phases of surface monitoring data from control points and partial monitoring points of the 22618 working face of a mine as an example,the measurement error for monitoring the surface mining subsidence in mountainous area by using the static GNSS double baseline method is analyzed,the results show that the maximum elevation medium error of the control point and the selected monitoring point is 4.4 mm,which proves the reliability of the method.By comparing and analyzing the height difference of the control points,the error does not exceed 3 mm,which further proves the effectiveness of the proposed monitoring method.Based on the above discussion results,the surface mining subsidence of22618 working face of the mine is monitored by using the proposed method in this paper,and some corner parameters of surface mining subsidence under the geological mining conditions are obtained.This study results have some certain reference value for the further enriching and completing the monitoring theoretical system of surface mining subsidence in mountainous areas.