营盘壕煤矿首采面地表移动特征实测研究

Measurement Study of the Surface Movement Characteristics of the First Mining Working Face in Yingpanhao Coal Mine

为掌握营盘壕煤矿首采工作面高强度开采条件下的地表移动变形特征,根据该矿2201工作面大采深、巨厚弱胶结覆岩以及地表由风积沙所覆盖的特征,在该工作面地表建立了地表移动观测站。通过历时15个月共11次地表移动观测,获取了工作面地表移动变形的实测资料。根据对实测数据的处理分析,得到了首采面地表移动变形角量参数和概率积分法预计参数,并进一步分析了该地质采矿条件下地表下沉速度的变化特征。研究表明:①在营盘壕煤矿的地质采矿条件下,首采面推进过程中地表点移动变形值始终较小,且地表下沉过程中未出现过活跃期;②当首采工作面推进至1 634 m时,非充分开采的地表下沉率仅为0.171,主要影响角正切为1.13,开采影响传播角为89.5°,拐点偏移系数为0.08;③该工作面的倾向非充分开采及其上方的巨厚弱胶结砂岩层的控制作用是地表移动变形值与下沉率较小的主要原因。研究结果对于巨厚弱胶结覆岩深部开采条件下的地表移动变形控制与建(构)筑物保护具有一定的参考价值。

In order to grasp the characteristics of surface movement and deformation under the condition of high-intensity mining in first working face of Yingpanhao Coal Mine,based on the characteristics of large mining depth,huge thickness and weak cemented overburden of 2201 working face and the surface covered by aeolian sand,a surface movement observation station was established on the working face surface.Through 11 times of surface movement observation in 15 months,the measured data of surface movement and deformation were obtained.Based on the processing and analysis of the measured data,the angular parameters of surface movement and deformation and the predicted parameters of probability integral method for the first mining face were obtained,and the relationship between the variation characteristics of surface subsidence velocity and overburden under this geological mining condition was analyzed.The study results show that:①the displacement and deformation value of surface points during the first mining face advancing was always small,and the surface subsidence process didn’t appear active period under the geological mining conditions of Yingpanhao Coal Mine;②when the first mining face was advanced to 1 634 m,the subsidence rate of surface without full mining is only 0.171,the tangent of main influencing angle is 1.13,the propagation angle of mining influence is 89.5°,and the migration coefficient of inflection point is 0.08;③insufficient exploitation of the working face and the controlling effect of the thick and weak cemented sandstone layers above the working face are the main reasons for the low displacement and deformation value and subsidence rate of the surface.The above study results have certain reference value for the control of surface movement and deformation and the protection of buildings under the condition of deep mining of thick and weak cemented overburden.