矿区原始地形对采煤沉陷区地形特征的影响分析

Influence of Original Terrain of Mining Area on Topographic Characteristics of Coal Mining Subsidence Area

采煤塌陷地预测对于矿区土地复垦具有重要意义,是矿区损毁土地复垦工作的基础,对于确保土地复垦方案科学性、准确性及合理性起决定性作用。采煤塌陷地预测一般仅考虑开采计划和地质特点,未考虑矿区原始地形的影响,预测结果往往无法准确反映矿区地表沉陷情况。以我国东部某煤矿为研究对象,通过对矿区原始地形、采煤沉陷区DEM进行融合,获得考虑原始地形的采煤沉陷区,通过计算并提取坡度、地表起伏度、积水面积地形因子,分析矿区原始地形对采煤沉陷区地形特征的影响。研究表明:考虑矿区原始地形后的采煤沉陷区地形特征发生了明显变化,沉陷区地形坡度、地表起伏度明显增大,积水面积明显减少,采煤沉陷区损毁土地地形特征更加准确、真实。分析结果可为矿区开采沉陷预测和损毁土地复垦治理提供可靠依据。

The prediction of coal mining subsidence area is of great significance for land reclamation,and it is the basis of land reclamation work in mining area,and plays a decisive role in the scientific,accuracy and rationality of land reclamation scheme.The prediction of coal mining subsidence area generally only considers the mining plan and geological characteristics,and does not consider the influence of the original topography of the mining area,so the prediction results often cannot accurately express the surface subsidence of the mining area.Taking a certain coal mine in Eastern China as the study object,the coal mining subsidence area considering the original topography is obtained by fusing the original terrain of the mining area with the DEM of the coal mining subsidence area.The terrain factor of slope,surface undulation and water accumulation area are calculated and extracted to analyze the influence of the original topography on the topographic characteristics of coal mining subsidence area.The study results show that the topographical features of the coal mining subsidence area have changed significantly after considering the original topography of the mining area,the terrain slope and surface undulation of the subsidence area are obviously increased,and the water accumulative area is obviously reduced.By considering the original topography of the mining area,the topographical features of the damaged land in the coal mining subsidence area are more accurate and true.The study provides a reliable reference for improving the land destruction prediction in coal mines of China.