区块链技术在物联网中的应用研究

Research on the Application of Blockchain Technology in IoT

针对目前物联网系统中存在的安全与隐私、资源缺乏、网络传输延迟等问题,分析引入区块链技术所带来的优势,并对比区块链物联网与传统物联网系统的体系结构。针对区块链物联网在应用中存在的问题,提出一种基于边缘计算的区块链物联网架构。在架构中,边缘层设备采集的数据过滤后通过多接口基站传输给雾层的Fog节点,Fog节点将数据处理结果报告给基于区块链的分布式云层。雾层提供定位,云层提供广域监视和控制。通过分布式计算和存储来提供大规模事件检测、行为分析和长期模式识别,并结合区块链技术提供可伸缩、可靠和高可用性的物联网服务。因此,所提架构对后续区块链物联网技术研究具有重要的参考意义。

Concerning the problem of security and privacy,resource scarcity and network transmission delay in the current IoT system,the advantages of blockchain technology was analyzed and compared the architecture of blockchain of things(BoT)with traditional IoT system.In order to solve the problem of BoT,the architecture of BoT based on edge computing was proposed.The data collected by devices in the edge layer are filtered and transmitted to Fog nodes in the Fog layer through multi-interface base stations,which reportes data processing results to distributed cloud based on blockchain.Fog layer provides location and cloud layer provides wide area monitoring and control.The BoT provides large-scale event detection,behavior analysis and long-term pattern recognition through distributed computing and storage,and provides scalable,reliable and highly available IoT services in combination with blockchain technology.Therefore,the proposed architecture has important reference significance for the subsequent research on BoT technology.