车辆路径优化问题及求解方法研究综述

A survey of vehicle routing optimization problems and solution methods

车辆路径优化问题一直以来是物流研究领域的一个热点和难点.现实生活的许多问题都可看作是车辆路径问题(VRP),因此国内外学者近年来不断提出多种车辆路径优化问题及求解方法以解决愈加复杂的问题.为进一步理清国内外研究现状,对如半开放式VRP、多级VRP、多目标VRP、绿色VRP等车辆路径优化问题,进行了总结分析,然后对车辆路径求解方法进行了介绍,特别地是对元启发式算法进行了较为详细的综述.最后,面向车辆路径优化问题和求解方法在当前形势下面临的新挑战,展望了一些新研究方向,如多目标优化、多级配送网络、绿色VRP、新型交通工具VRP和算法的通用性.

The vehicle routing problem has always been a hotspot and a difficult point in the field of logistics research. Many problems in real life can be regarded as vehicle routing problem. Therefore, domestic and foreign scholars have been proposing various vehicle path optimization problems and solving methods in recent years to solve more complicated problems. In order to further clarify the research status at home and abroad, the vehicle routing problems such as halfopen VRP, multi-level VRP, multi-target VRP, green VRP, etc. are summarized and analyzed, and then the vehicle path solving method is introduced, especially the ground is a detailed review of the meta heuristic algorithm. Finally, some new research directions are envisioned for the new challenges faced by vehicle routing problems and solution methods in the current situation, such as multi-objective optimization, multi-level distribution network, green VRP, new vehicle VRP and algorithm versatility.