农业机械化对农民收入的增长、结构与分配效应研究

Growth, Structural and Distribution Effects of Agricultural Mechanization on Farmers’ Income

【目的】研究农业机械化对于不同收入水平农民增收以及内部收入结构差异的影响,以期为农业机械化发展和农民增收提供政策建议。【方法】基于2000—2016年中国30个省份面板数据,主要运用固定效应模型及分位数模型检验农业机械化对农民收入的增长、结构和分配效应。【结果】农业机械化表现出一定的增收效应,促进了农民总收入的提高;在主要收入来源上,农业机械化对农民经营性收入和工资性收入均具有显著的促进作用;另外还发现农业机械化具有收入分配效应,缩小了农民内部收入差距,其中农业机械化促进不同收入层次的农民收入的提升,中低收入农民从中获益更多。【结论】政府需要进一步完善农机服务市场,加大农业机械要素在农业生产中的投入,发挥其在促进农民收入包容性发展的作用。

【Objective】 The impact of agricultural mechanization on the income growth and internal income structure for farmers of different income levelswere studied in order to provide policy suggestions for agricultural mechanization development and farmers' income increase.【Method】 Based on the panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2000 to 2016, this paper mainly used the two-way fixed effect model and the quantile model to test the growth, structure and distribution effect of agricultural mechanization on farmers'income.【Result】 Agricultural mechanization has a certain growth effect on farmer’s income and promotes the farmers' total income;On the main source of income, agricultural mechanization has significant effect both in promoting farmers, business income and salary income;in addition,the paper also finds that agricultural mechanization ha a distribution effect on farmers' income, farmers' internal income gaphas narrowed, among which agricultural mechanization promotes the income of farmers at different income levels, and lower-middle income farmers benefit more.【Conclusion】 It is necessary to further improve the agricultural machinery service market, to increase the input of agricultural machinery elements in agriculture, and to play its role in promoting the inclusive development of farmers' income.