不同微肥叶面处理对烟草病害发生的影响

Effects of Foliar Treatments with Different Microfertilizers on Tobacco Diseases

为明确微肥施用对烟草病害的防控效果,在重庆市黔江区水市烟草基地开展了田间小区试验,调查不同处理对烟草病害的影响.结果表明:团棵期和旺长期2次叶面补充微量元素对烟草普通花叶病、赤星病、野火病和青枯病均有一定控制效果.其中,叶面补充锌元素对控制烟草普通花叶病、野火病的效果较好,叶面补充硼元素对烟草赤星病、野火病和青枯病的防控效果较好.因此,在今后实际生产中,可结合烟草生长和病害防治关键期,通过叶面喷雾或灌根的方法分时期、分次、适时、适量补充硼肥和锌肥,同时,结合药剂复配来实现农药的减量增效以及减少防治投入,这对于烟株保健、控制化学投入品、延缓病害进程均有重要意义.

In order to clarify the effect of micro-fertilizer application on the control oftobacco diseases, a field plot experiment was carried out in a tobacco field of Qianjiang District of Chongqing.The results showed that foliar spray of micro-fertilizersin the rosette stage and thefast growing period of tobacco plantshad certain control effects on TMV, tobacco brown spot disease, tobacco wildfire disease and tobacco bacterial wilt.Of the micro-elements foliar sprayed,Zn and B gave satisfactory controlling results for TMV and tobacco wildfire disease, andtobacco brown spot disease, tobacco wildfire disease and tobacco bacterial wilt,respectively.In conclusion,B fertilizer and Zn fertilizer can be supplemented in the key period of tobacco growth and disease prevention. In addition, combined application of pesticides may achieve chemical reduction and synergy andreduce investment in disease prevention and control, which is of great significance for the health care of tobacco plants, the control of chemical inputs and the delay of disease progression.