饮食管理指导对妊娠期糖尿病患者糖脂代谢水平及围产儿结局的影响

Effect of dietary management guidance on glucose and lipid metabolism and perinatal outcome in patients with gestational diabetes

目的探讨饮食管理指导对妊娠期糖尿病患者糖脂代谢水平及围产儿结局的影响。方法选择2017年5月至2018年5月于本院产检的妊娠期糖尿病患者70例,采用随机数表法分为两组,每组35例。对照组进行常规围产期护理,研究组在此基础上加强饮食管理指导,评价两组糖脂代谢水平及围产儿结局。结果与对照组比较,研究组分娩前糖化血红蛋白、餐后2h血糖、空腹血糖均更低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);与对照组比较,研究组分娩前HDL-C水平更高,LDL-C及TC水平均更低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);与对照组比较,研究组胎儿宫内窘迫、巨大儿、新生儿窒息、新生儿低血糖发生率更低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论妊娠期糖尿病患者强化饮食管理指导,能够改善患者糖脂代谢水平及围产儿结局。

Objective To investigate the effects of dietary management guidance on glucose and lipid metabolism and perinatal outcomes in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus.Methods 70 patients with gestational diabetes mellitus who were examined in our hospital from May 2017 to May 2018 were randomly divided into two groups,with 35 cases in each group.The control group underwent routine perinatal care,and the study group strengthened dietary management guidance on this basis.The glucose and lipid metabolism levels and perinatal outcomes were evaluated in the two groups.Results Compared with the control group,the glycosylated hemoglobin,2 h postprandial blood glucose and fasting blood glucose were lower in the study group,the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the study group had higher HDL-C level before delivery.The LDL-C and TC levels were lower,and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the study group had lower incidence of intrauterine distress,macrosomia,neonatal asphyxia,and neonatal hypoglycemia,the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).Conclusion Intensive dietary management guidance for patients with gestational diabetes can improve the level of glucose and lipid metabolism and perinatal outcomes.