老年性聋与认知功能障碍的相关临床特点分析

Analysis of clinical characteristics of elderly deafness and cognitive impairment

目的探讨老年性聋患者可能出现认知功能障碍相关的临床特点进行分析研究。方法纳入2017年7月至2018年3月就诊于本院耳鼻咽喉科且符合老年性聋的患者100例,同时选取于全国爱耳日义诊的无糖尿病、冠心病、哮喘、高血压等基础病史、无耳科相关病史的健康患者100例,经询问病史、问卷调查(简易智力状况检查表、画钟测验)统计基本信息,并行纯音测听检查及声阻抗检查等检查,根据其认知功能的分类、严重程度进行分组及分析。结果与健康者比较,老年性聋患者出现认知功能障碍的风险较高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),轻度与中度认知功能障碍的差异具有统计学意义,重度认知功能障碍的差异无统计学意义;老年性聋的认知功能障碍主要表现在记忆力、注意力、回忆方面存在较高风险,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);定向力、语言能力方面差异无统计学意义。结论老年性聋患者存在认知功能障碍的高危风险,临床工作中应该重视老年性聋患者认知功能方面的认识,提高患者生活质量。

Objective To investigate the clinical features of cognitive dysfunction in patients with presbycusis.Methods From July 2017 to March 2018,100 cases of otolaryngology with presbycusis were included,and the history of diabetes,hypertension,coronary heart disease and so on without diabetes mellitus,hypertension,coronary heart disease,etc.A total of 100 healthy patients without a history of otology were asked for medical history,questionnaire survey (simple mental state examination,clock drawing test) for statistical basic information,Parallel pure tone audiometry and acoustic impedance examinations are grouped and analyzed according to the classification and severity of their cognitive functions. Results Compared with healthy people,senile deaf patients have a higher risk of cognitive dysfunction,and the difference is statistically significant (P<0.05),especially between mild and moderate cognitive impairment,but there was no significant difference in severe cognitive impairment.The cognitive dysfunction of elderly deafness was mainly manifested in memory,attention and memory,the difference was statistically significant (P< 0.05),but there was no significant difference in orientation and language ability.Conclusion There is a high risk of cognitive dysfunction in patients with presbycusis.In clinical work,attention should be paid to the deafness patients' ear diseases and improve their quality of life.