比例责任的“类型化”研究路径

The Path of Research on Proportional Liability "Typed"

比例责任研究涉及两个核心问题:如何处理“因果关系不确定性”以及“比例责任”的具体适用。近来有国外学者尝试以“类型化”的方式处理“因果关系不确定性”并建立比例责任的类别划分方法,这一方法对比例责任研究的推进极具价值,但分类的标准及系统性尚待完善,尤其在分类标准上,用损害类型不明、侵权关系主体不明、因果关系不明和复合型来规划比例责任的分类更切实有效。以此分类标准为参照,对理解比例责任与我国侵权责任法的归责诸位原则的异同及引入后造成的责任分担形态上的变化具有较强的理论价值与现实意义。

The study of proportional liability involves two core issues: how to deal with the specific application of "causal uncertainty " and "proportional liability ". Recently, foreign scholars have tried to deal with the "causal uncertainty" in a "typed" way, trying to establish a category of proportional liability. This method is of great value in the promotion of proportional liability research, but the classification criteria and system are still to be perfect. Especially in the classification criteria, the classification of proportional liability is more effective and effective with the type of damage unknown, the subject of the infringement is unknown, the causation is uncertain, and the compound type. Taking this classification standard as a reference, it is more theoretical and practical to understand the similarities and differences between the principle of proportional liability and the principle of attribution of liability in Chinese Tort Liability Law and the change in liability sharing caused by the introduction.