海洋钢结构预制阶段建造精度控制

Construction Precision Control in Prefabrication Stage of Marine Steel Structure

焊接作业被广泛应用于海洋钢结构的建造过程中,结构件在预制环节的焊接收缩成为制约建造精度的关键因素。为提高建造精度,首先需详细了解预制环节各阶段的超差类型,包括组合梁、节点、立柱和拉筋等关键杆件的预制过程,以及各类杆件组成甲板片的组对焊接过程,然后有的放矢地制订提高建造精度的措施。实践证明,明确预制阶段的公差要求,在加工设计技术方案中针对焊接收缩提前考虑余量,采用反变形法对甲板片水平度公差进行控制,都是能够切实提高预制焊接建造精度的措施。

Welding is widely adopted in the process of structure prefabrication and assembly, and the welding shrinkage in the prefabrication section is thought as the critical factor affecting the construction precision. In order to raise the construction precision, it is necessary to firstly make some studies on the common out of tolerance issues occurring in the prefabrication section, including the prefabrication of plate girder and node, the rolling and splicing of column and pipe, and the subsequent installation and welding job of all these structural members. And then, some practical measures can be figured out with purpose. The practice proves that to specify the tolerance requirements in the prefabrication section, to add a certain amount of margin in technical plans considering the welding shrinkage, and to adopt anti deformation methodology to control the global level of the deck are the effective measures to improve the construction precision.