基于模糊层次分析法的建筑结构安全评价体系研究

Safety Evaluation System of Building Structure Based on Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process

为了准确地对建筑结构现状进行安全评价,考虑到建筑房屋结构的复杂性与安全评价因素的模糊多样性,采用模糊层次分析法建立建筑结构安全评价体系。首先,将建筑房屋划分为地基基础、承重柱、承重梁、墙体、楼板层以及屋盖围护系统6项一级评价指标,然后在此基础上建立23项二级评价指标。其次,由层次分析法得到各评价指标的权重,根据建立的安全因素评判标准和隶属函数对各因素进行模糊评价,并利用多级评价原理来构建建筑结构安全评价模型。最后,通过工程实例对评价模型进行验证,评价结果为较安全。与现有评价规范相比,提出的建筑结构安全评价体系涉及指标全面、方法可行、结果可靠,可对类似房屋结构的评估鉴定提供借鉴和指导。

Considering the complexity of building structure and the fuzzy diversity of safety assessment factors, a safety evaluation system of building structure based on fuzzy analytic hierarchy process(AHP) was proposed to evaluate the current situation of building structure accurately. Firstly, the building was divided into 6 first-level evaluation indexes: ground foundation, load-bearing column, load-bearing beam, wall, floor and roof envelope system. Then, 23 secondary evaluation indexes were calculated. Afterwards, the weight of each evaluation index was obtained by analytic hierarchy process(AHP), the fuzzy evaluation of each factor was carried out according to the established criteria and membership function of safety factors, and the safety evaluation model of building structure was constructed by using the principle of multi-level evaluation. Finally, the evaluation model was verified by an engineering example, and the evaluation result was relatively safe. Compared with the existing evaluation codes, the proposed safety evaluation system of building structures involves all-round indicators, feasible methods and reliable results, which can provide reference and guidance for the evaluation and appraisal of similar building structures.