张居正执政时期的官员裁减浅析

A Brief Analysis of Cutting Down Official Numbers During Zhang Juzheng’s Ruling Period

任何一个王朝的中后期,对中央政府而言,官员裁减都是一个较难解决的问题。不裁减官员就会机构臃肿,人浮于事。照此下去,不仅会造成财力、物力的浪费,还会带来办事效率的低下。裁减官员,若是方法不当,又会带来政府停摆,甚至会引起社会矛盾。作为万历初期的“铁腕首辅”,张居正在这一问题上开展了“大刀阔斧”的改革,裁减了大批官员。从时间跨度、地域跨度、官员类别、官员品级四方面就张居正执政时期的官员裁减进行浅析,并提出相应的结论。

In the middle and later periods of a dynasty,cutting down official numbers is a challenging problem for the central government.If official numbers were not cut down,over -staffing would be prevailing.Consequently,not only finance and material resources will be wasted but also efficiency will be lowered.If official numbers were cut down improperly,the government would shut down and even social contradictions would arise.As the poker-faced prime minister in the early era of Emperor Wanli,on this issue, Zhang Ju-zheng carried out bold and resolute reforms.Focusing on time span,space span,and official types and ranks,this article will briefly analyze Zhang Ju-zheng’s policy on cutting official numbers s and present a corresponding conclusion.