作为损害赔偿计算方式的合理许可使用费标准

Reasonable Royalty as a Measure of Damages

作为损害赔偿计算方式之一,合理许可使用费可适用于知识产权侵权。在这类非竞争性权利遭受侵害时,权利人难以通过差额说获得实际损失赔偿。此时,对这类非竞争性权利的侵害就已经构成损害,权利人可以依据合理许可使用费计算方式主张损害赔偿。合理许可使用费计算方式与完全赔偿原则无关,但《专利法》《商标法》不宜再维持合理许可使用费倍数标准。由于未经许可擅自利用他人非竞争性权利的所受利益是对权利的利用,权利人即使没有蒙受差额说意义上的损失,也可以主张权益侵害型不当得利返还,因此,不当得利规则发挥了兜底功能。

As a measure of damages, reasonable royalty can be applied to calculate the damages for the infringement on intellectual property. In case of the infringement of the non-rivalrous right, the Differenzhypothese can hardly help;however, the infringement establishes the fact of damage in such cases and the damages can be measured by reasonable royalty. It is improper to justify the measure of reasonable royalty with principle of Total Reparation, so the measure of appropriate multiple of reasonable royalty should be abandoned. The unjust enrichment rule can protect the non-rivalrous right as the last resort when there is no loss in the sense of Differenzhypothese because the unauthorized use of the right itself is the enrichment in case of infringement of the non-rivalrous right.