红灵山亚热带常绿阔叶林维管植物组成与群落结构特征

Species composition and community structure of the subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest in Hongling Mountain,Tianquan County,Sichuan Province,China

为了弄清四川天全县红灵山亚热带常绿阔叶林的群落类型及结构特征,在红灵山中山地段(海拔1700~2000m)设置6个20m×30m的代表性样地,采用典型群落调查法,对其物种组成、群落结构、生物量和自然更新能力等进行研究。结果显示:(1)样地内调查到182个物种,属72科117属,显示出典型亚热带常绿阔叶林的植物区系组成特征;(2)以扁刺栲群系为主,可分为3个群丛组、5个群丛;(3)乔木层密度为2583~5383株/hm^2,生物量为2.42×10^5~4.26×105kg/hm^2,冠层藤本植物地上生物量为1.01×10^3kg/hm^2,死木质残体生物量为1.65×10^5kg/hm^2,次生性特征明显;(4)幼苗丰富,其种类组成与乔木层的相似度为88.89%,说明其自然更新良好,群落结构正渐趋稳定。综合分析表明,红灵山的常绿阔叶林以扁刺栲群系为主,虽次生性明显,但目前保存较为完好,值得进一步强化生态保育。

To understand the community types and structural characteristics of the subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest in Hongling Mountain, Tianquan County, Sichuan Province, China, we established six 20 m × 30 m sample plots between an elevation of 1700 m to 2000 m. We then analyzed species composition, community structure, biomass, and regeneration ability. Results showed that:(1) There were 182 species, belonging to 117 genera and 72 families, which demonstrated the flora characteristics of a typical subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest;(2) The forest could be classified into three association groups and five associations;(3) The density of the tree layer was 2583-5383 plants/hm ^2, biomass was 2. 42 × 10 ^5 -4. 26 × 10^ 5 kg/hm^ 2, aboveground biomass of canopy lianas was 1. 01 × 10^ 3 kg/hm ^2, biomass of woody debris (WD) was 1. 65 × 10 ^5 kg/hm ^2, and the forest was secondary forest;(4) Seedlings were abundant, and the species similarity between seedlings and tree species was 88. 89%, indicating good natural forest regeneration ability and stabilized community structure. Comprehensive analysis showed that the evergreen broad-leaved forest was dominated by Castanopsis platyacantha formation. Furthermore, although it appears to be a well-preserved secondary forest, further ecological conservation is warranted.