基于多指标测度的京津冀教育均等化研究——兼于长三角和珠三角的比较视角

Study on Education Equalization in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region based on Multi-index Measurement——comparative angle from Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta

本文采用变异系数、基尼系数、泰尔指数三种指标,全面测算2005-2015年京津冀地区13个城市的教育均等化水平,并与长三角、珠三角城市群进行比较研究。结果表明:三大城市群的教育均等化水平京津冀最低,长三角次之,珠三角最高。结合泰尔指数的分解结果来看,组间差距远远高于组内差距,即河北省与京津之间教育均等化水平相差较大,这是影响京津冀城市群教育均等化的主要因素。因此,应从区域整体角度出发,建立区域公共教育共享机制,实行对口帮扶横向转移支付,实现各子区域教育之间的协同发展。

The paper, adopting variation coefficients, Gini coefficient and Theil index, has calculated the education equalization level among 13 cities in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region from 2005 to 2015 and made a comparative study between Yangtze river delta and Pearl river delta. The results show that the education equalization in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei is in the lowest level among the three city-groups, Yangtze River Delta is in the middle and Pearl River Delta is the highest. Combining the decomposition results coming from the Theil index, the group gap is far bigger than the intra group gap that means there is a huge gap between Hebei and two municipalities, which is the main reason affecting the urban agglomeration. Therefore, viewing from the whole region perspect, realizing the coordinated development of regional education depends on constructing sharing mechanism for public education and building counterpart-assistance system and horizontal transfer payment.