石门国家森林公园蝴蝶群落多样性研究

Diversity of Butterflies Community in Shimen National Forest Park

2018年9月-2019年8月,采用样线法对石门国家森林公园3类生境的蝴蝶群落结构多样性进行调查。共记录蝴蝶9科36属45种,报喜斑粉蝶Delias pasithoe和绢斑蝶Parantica aglea是该地区的优势种;蛱蝶科Nymphalidae的属和物种数最多,蚬蝶科Riodinidae、环蝶科Amathusiidae和斑蝶科Danaidae最少。物种丰富度、各科的种多样性指数以蛱蝶科、凤蝶科Papilionidae和弄蝶科Hesperiidae最高;各科的属多样性指数以蚬蝶科、环蝶科和斑蝶科最高;眼蝶科Satyridae和灰蝶科Lycaenidae的均匀度最高。不同生境样线蝴蝶优势类群和常见类群不同,多样性指数差异不明显,个体数差异大,其中花海个体数量所占比例为73%,为园林造景招引蝴蝶奠定了基础。

The community structure and species diversity of butterflies were investigated from 3 line transects of 3 vegetation habitats in Shimen National Forest Park from September 2018 to August 2019.A total of 45 butterfly species belonging to 36 genera and 9 families were observed.Delias pasithoe and Parantica aglea were dominant species in this area.Nymphalidae had the largest number of species and genera,while Riodinidae,Amathusiidae and Danaidae were the least.Shannon-Wiener diversity of individuals and species richness of Nymphalidae,Papilionidae and Hesperiidae were the highest,and genera richness of Riodinidae,Amathusiidae and Danaidae were the highest,while Satyridae and Lycaenidae had the largest evenness.The community composition and dominant species of butterfly were also significant differences among different habitats.The difference of diversity index in different habitats was not obvious,and the number of individuals varied greatly,among which the proportion of butterfly individual number in flower sea was 73%,which laid a foundation for garden landscape design to attract butterfly.