中日文化交流视域下的“记者”称谓研究

Research on the Title of Journalist from the View of Sino-Japanese Culture Exchange

作为新闻职业称谓的"记者"一词来自明治日本,"记者"为中日同形词,在中日两国均有一个从古典词到近代词的演变过程,文章从中日文化交流史的角度对此过程加以探讨。研究发现,《论语》朱注在最初的语义生成中起了主要的作用。黄遵宪的《日本国志》则提供了一份重要的近代文本,不过它多半仅具词源学的意义。日本方面,幕末第一批近代报刊即使用"记者"以自称,但它长时期是作为"报馆执笔者"的身份而存在。最后,本文还参考了语言学家的相关研究,确认"记者"并非一个和制汉语词汇,而是一个中日互动词。

It was generally believed that the term "Jizhe",as a title of professional journalist,came from Meiji Japan.China and Japan use the same character to represent "Jizhe".In both China and Japan,the word "Jizhe" has experienced a process of evolution from a classical word to a modern word.This article discusses the process from the perspective of the history of Sino-Japan cultural exchanges.It’s found that Zhu Xi’s annotation of The Analects of Confucius played an important role in the initial semantic formation.Huang Zunxian’s Japan National Chronicle provided an important modern text,but it is mostly of etymological meaning.In Japan,the first batch of modern newspaper at the end of the curtain used "Jizhe" to call themselves,but it existed for a long time as the"writer of newspaper".Finally,we also refer to the related research of linguists,and conclude that "Jizhe" is not a Japanese-coined Chinese word,but a Sino-Japanese interactive word.