海洋工程风载荷计算方法

Calculation Methods About Wind Load in Ocean Engineering

对ABS、CCS、DNV和API等海洋工程领域主流规范的风载荷计算方法进行讨论分析,指出4种海洋工程规范计算风载荷方法的异同点,并将规范中风载荷计算方法分为投影面积法和投影风压法两类。对板单元算例进行分析可知,两类风载荷计算方法得到的风力数值相同,方向不同。风力方向的不同使得板单元在斜向受风时, x、y 方向的风力大小有较大差异。长方体在斜向受风时,DNV和API规范计算的合风力小于ABS和CCS规范计算的合风力,分析其产生的原因和机理。研究结果表明,两类风载荷计算方法的差异会引起风载荷计算结果的显著变化。工程人员可利用研究结果更好地规避风险,保证平台的安全设计和使用。

By comparing the similarities and differences of wind load calculation methods of ABS, CCS, DNV and API, the four standards are divided into two types: projection area method and projection wind pressure method. By means of typical examples of plate elements and rectangular cuboid, it is pointed out that the wind force resultant by the two kinds of wind load calculation is the same, but the direction is different. The difference in wind direction makes the wind force in the direction of x and y varies greatly when the plate unit is inclined to wind. In the oblique wind for rectangular body, the combined wind of the DNV and API standard is less than that of the ABS and CCS standard. The causes are also analyzed. The results show that the difference between the two types of calculation methods causes significant changes in the results of wind load. It is hoped that the work can arouse the attention of the engineers, avoid the risk, and ensure the safety design and operation of offshore platform.