非小细胞肺癌分子靶向药物的毒性反应及处理措施

Toxic Reaction and Treatment Measures of Molecular Targeted Drugs in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer

肺癌是死亡率和发病率增长最快的一种恶性肿瘤,此病症的病因尚不完全明确,在所有肺癌类型中,非小细胞肺癌大约占比80%,并且大约有75%的患者发现确诊时已经处于中晚期状态.近年来,非小细胞肺癌的分子靶向治疗逐渐成为临床研究的一项热点内容,其靶向治疗药物主要包括表皮生长因子(EGFR)酪氨酸激酶抑制剂、血管内皮生长因子细胞膜受体(VEG-FR)单克隆抗体、EGFR受体单克隆抗体等,虽然这些药物治疗非小细胞肺癌已经具有一定的临床效果,但是与此同时也出现了高血压、腹泻、皮疹等多种毒副反应.此外,如范得他尼、伏立诺他、舒尼替尼、索拉菲尼等新型药物也会发生相关的毒副反应,这些毒副反应严重影响了患者用药依从性和生活质量.就这些靶向药物的毒副反应以及相应的处理措施进行论述,希望具有一定参考价值.

Lung cancer is one of the malignant tumors with the fastest increase in mortality and morbidity. The etiology of this disease is not fully clear. Among all types of lung cancer, non-small cell lung cancer accounts for about 80%, and about 75% of the patients have been found to be in middle late stage. In recent years, molecular targeted therapy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has gradually become a hot topic in clinical research. The targeted drugs include EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors, VEG-FR monoclonal antibodies, EGFR receptor monoclonal antibodies and so on. Although these drugs have certain clinical effects on non-small cell lung cancer, but at the same time, there are many side effects such as hypertension, diarrhea, rash and so on. In addition, new drugs such as van der Tanil, vorinostat, sunitinib and sorafenib also have related toxic and side effects, which seriously affect the patient's medication compliance and quality of life. In this paper, the toxic and side effects of these targeted drugs and the corresponding treatment measures are discussed, hoping to have some reference value.