航天器可重复使用热防护技术研究进展与应用

Research Progress and Applications of Reusable Thermal Protection Technology for Spacecraft

新一代可重复使用飞行器对热防护系统提出了更高的要求,对于发展高超声速技术而言,可重复使用热防护系统设计至关重要,同时也面临着最困难的技术挑战。文章总结了可重复使用热防护系统可用的新型防热机制,综述了可重复使用航天器所采用的热防护系统的发展状态及典型飞行器应用现状,并阐述了新一代可重复使用热防护技术在设计与分析方法、验证与评价手段以及新型热防护材料等几个方面所面临的挑战。文章有助于更好的理解未来的高超声速飞行器发展中可重复使用热防护技术的发展方向。

The new generation of reusable aircraft has put forward higher requirements for thermal protection system. For the development of hypersonic technology, the design of reusable thermal protection system is crucial and also faces the most difficult scientific challenges. This paper summarizes some new types of thermal protection mechanism which are available for reusable thermal protection system. The development of reusable thermal protection systems and application status of typical aircraft for spacecraft are also reviewed. The challenges faced by the new generation of reusable thermal protection technology in several aspects are expounded, including design and analysis methods, verification and evaluation methods and new thermal protection materials. These works are contributed to a better understanding of the future development direction of reusable thermal protection technique for hypersonic flight vehicle development.