马克思价值概念的政治经济学语境

The Political Economic Context of Marx’s Concept of Value

马克思的价值概念既不是单纯的经济学概念,也不是抽象的形而上学概念,而是立足于现实社会经济结构的社会历史范畴,它是在政治经济学语境中揭示出来而又指向历史唯物主义。其中,既定的社会经济结构而不是抽象的人本关系构成了马克思价值概念的立足点,马克思对黑格尔唯心主义哲学的清算和对现实世界的改造的双重逻辑趋向,决定了马克思的政治经济学批判不能像资产阶级经济学家那样把商品价值当作永恒的、自然的历史形式,而是作为社会经济结构的自然历史过程来呈现。马克思的价值概念不仅实现了资产阶级政治经济学的前提变换,而且更是对资本主义生产方式的彻底变革。

Marx’s concept of value is neither pure economic concept nor abstract metaphysical concept,but the social and historical category based on realistic social and economic structure,which is revealed in the context of political economy and points to historical materialism.Among them,the established social and economic structure rather than the abstract humanistic relationship constitutes the foothold of Marx’s concept of value.The dual logical tendency of Marx’s liquidation of Hegel’s idealist philosophy and the transformation of the real world determines that the goods value in Marx’s critique of political economy is a natural and historical process of the social and economic structure rather than a eternal and natural history form in bourgeois economists.Marx’s concept of value does not only realize the premise transformation of bourgeois political economy,but also completely change the capitalist mode of production.