上海市预防接种工作发展历程与展望

Retrospect and prospect of immunization programme in Shanghai

回顾新中国成立以来上海市预防接种工作发展历程和取得的成绩。上海市纳入免疫规划疫苗的种类不断增加,且纳入的疫苗品种、覆盖的人群范围、优化的免疫程序一直处于全国领先地位。建立健全疫苗可预防疾病监测系统,不断优化预防控制策略,成功消灭天花和脊髓灰质炎,连续41年无白喉病例报告,麻疹等多数疫苗可预防传染病的发病率显著下降。目前仍需清醒面对免疫规划工作诸多挑战,按照《中华人民共和国疫苗管理法》,转变工作思路、理念和方法,提高免疫规划工作质量,达到控制和消灭疫苗可预防疾病的目的。

The development and achievement of immunization programme in Shanghai since the founding of China were retrospected. The increasing types of Expanded Programme on Immunization(EPI)vaccines and non-EPI vaccines,the broader coverage,and the optimized immunization schedule have rendered Shanghai a leading position in the country. With the establishment of vaccine-preventable diseases surveillance system and continuous optimization of prevention and control strategies,smallpox and polio were successfully eradicated,no diphtheria was reported for 41 consecutive years,and the incidence of most vaccine-preventable diseases such as measles decreased significantly. There are still multiple challenges in immunization programme to be faced,including the changing of perspectives,ideas and methods in accordance with the Vaccine Administration Law of the People’s Republic of China,to improve the quality of immunization and to achieve the purpose of controlling and eliminating vaccine-preventable diseases.