马克思现代性批判的三重时空维度——基于《共产党宣言》的文本研究

Three Space-time Dimensions of Marx’s Critique of Modernity——A Textual Study Based on The Communist Manifesto

作为马克思的代表作之一,《共产党宣言》虽未明确提到时空批判的概念,但实际上已经在论述资产阶级与无产阶级的过程中阐述了一系列相关的基本问题。资本主义制度现代性和科学技术现代性这两个方面是马克思现代性批判的基点,宏观维度、中观维度以及微观维度则共同构成了马克思现代性批判的三重时空维度。马克思不仅局限于现代性批判本身,还通过历史唯物主义对这种资本占据主导的时空进行重构,即希望通过世界市场与无产阶级的全球联合,逐步获取并占有生产资料,进而消灭私有制,最终实现解放。

As one of Marx’s representative works,although the concept of space-time criticism was not explicitly mentioned in The Communist Manifesto,he has already mentioned a series of related basic problems in the process of discussing the bourgeoisie and the proletariat.The two aspects of modernity of capitalist system and modernity of science and technology were the basis of Marx’s criticism of modernity,while macroscopic view,meso view and microcosmic view together constituted three space-time dimensions of Marx’s critique of modernity.Of course,Marx did not confine himself to the criticism of modernity,but reconstructed the space and time dominated by capital through historical materialism.That is to say,through the global union of the world market and the proletariat,the means of production were acquired and occupied gradually so as to eliminate private ownership,and finally realize liberation.