以心揆事,以事配辞——论六朝骈文对偶与用典的双向互动

Appraise the Deeds by Heart and Compose the Deeds with Figure of Speech——On the Dual Interaction of Antithesis and the Use of Allusions in the Parallel Prose in Six Dynasties

六朝骈风盛行,对偶与用典两种修辞手法走到时代的交汇点上,共同成为骈文突出的形式特征。以《六朝文絜》中的选文为例,可以从文学外部与语言内部两个层面看到六朝骈文对偶与用典搭配组合所存在的双向互动关系:引入典故充实对偶的内容,而对偶句式的灵活又使典故的表现手法多样,二者之间的互动是在内容与形式上为对方提供便利。"用典对"的使用有其得失,而能否用好取决于创作者的知识积累与创作才力。

The antithesis and the use of allusions has become a distinct stylistic element of parallel prose which was very popular in the Six Dynasties.Taking Liu Chao Wen Jie as an example,this paper discusses the dual interaction existing in the parallel prose and use of allusions of the six dynasties from the perspective of external literature and internal language:introducing allusions to enrich the content of parallel prose and diversify the expression technique of allusions by the use of flexible antithesis sentence patterns.The interaction between them provides convenience for each other in content and form.There are advantages and disadvantages in the use of parallelism and allusion.Whether we can use them well depends on the writers’ knowledge accumulation and creativity talent.