苗药红禾麻表型性状遗传多样性研究

Study on the Phenotypic Diversity of Laportea bulbifera

为了分析红禾麻(Laportea bulbifera)表型性状遗传多样性特征,应用主成分分析与聚类分析对栽培红禾麻植株性状、产量、浸出物含量与总黄酮含量等22个表型性状多样性进行评价研究。结果表明:红禾麻个体间叶部遗传多样性指数最高的是叶长宽比(2.3759),最大展幅面积最低(1.9280);茎部一级分枝数遗传多样性指数最高(2.1046),单株主茎数最低(1.8801);药材产量和质量指标中,总黄酮含量的遗传多样性指数最高(2.0464),其次为浸出物含量(2.0287)、总生物量干重最低(1.8075)。主成分分析显示,前四主成分反映了22个性状的茎叶性状、叶片数、产量、浸出物含量和总黄酮含量等重要信息,累计贡献率达66.424%。聚类分析将红禾麻种质分为四大类群,第Ⅱ类群为质量选育的最优材料,第Ⅳ类群产量选育的理想材料。研究表明:红禾麻的表型性状多样性丰富。

In this study,the principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis based on the characteristics of plant traits,yield,extract content and total flavone content,etc were used to evaluate the genetic diversity of Laportea bulbifera . The results showed that the highest index of genetic diversity in leaf was leaf length-width ratio (2.375 9) and the lowest index of genetic diversity was the maximum extended area (1.928 0).And the genetic diversity index of primary branch number in stem was the highest (2.104 6) and the number of main stem per plant was the lowest (1.880 1).Meanwhile,in index of crude drug yield and quality,total flavonoids content was the highest (2.046 4),followed by extract content (2.028 7) and dry weight of total biomass (1.807 5).Principal component analysis showed that the first four principal components among the stem and leaf traits,leaf number,yield, extract content and total flavonoids content of 22 characters contributed important information,with a cumulative contribution rate of 66.424%.Clustering analysis classified these L. bulbifera into four groups.The classⅡgroups was primarily for selection of optimal quality,while the class Ⅳ groups was mainly for yield breeding.In a word,the phenotypic character diversity of L. bulbifera is rich.