近百年现代汉语语法研究评说

Comments on the Study of Modern Chinese Grammar in Recent Hundred Years

1924年黎锦熙《新著国语文法》的出版,标志着现代汉语语法学在中国的诞生。文章依据语言研究的目的与任务,从所运用的理论方法、本体研究内容、应用研究这三条线索陈述了现代汉语语法研究近百年来的进展状况。在理论方法的运用上,逐步呈现多元化的态势,而且研究者面对汉语事实已不单单借鉴国外语言学理论方法,也提出了一些与以往不同的观点和理论主张;从研究内容看,已从“以描写为主”进到“以解释为主”,这体现了现代汉语语法研究的深化;从应用研究的角度看,现代汉语语法应用研究不断增添服务对象,开拓新的应用领域。文章扼要梳理、陈述了现代汉语语法研究发展的历程,特别强调指出,十一届三中全会提出的改革开放政策也极大地推动了现代汉语语法研究,改革开放40年也是现代汉语语法研究大发展的40年,特别是汉语学界开始对现代汉语语法研究进行反思,并积极探究“摆脱印欧语的干扰,用朴素的眼光看汉语”的研究路子,这对深化汉语语法研究起到了很好的推进作用。最后,指出了现代汉语语法研究中不可忽视的一些不良学风与文风以及所存在的问题,提出了今后的研究走向,强调要在搞好现代汉语语法自身研究的基础上,以“语言学+”的模式,积极思考并逐步走向汉语语法研究与其他学科的融合与交叉研究的路子,以不断开拓新的学科增长点,使得现代汉语语法研究更好地为国家、为社会、为人类服务。

The publication of Li Jinxi's New Chinese Grammar in 1924 marked the birth of modern Chinese grammar in China.According to the purpose and task of language research,this article states the progress of modern Chinese grammar study in the past hundred years from three clues:theoretical method,stylistic research and applied research.In terms of the application of theoretical methods,it gradually presents a trend of diversification.In addition,in face of Chinese language fact not only referring to foreign linguistic theories and methods,the researchers put forward some different views and theoretical propositions.From the perspective of research content,it has changed from "description based"to"interpretation based",which reflects the deepening of modern Chinese grammar study.From the perspective of application research,the application research of modern Chinese grammar continues to add service objects and open up new application fields.This article briefly presents the development history of modern Chinese grammar study,particularly emphasizes that the reform and opening-up policy put forward in the Third Plenary Session of the 18 th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China has greatly promoted the modern Chinese grammar study.The 40 th anniversary of reform and opening-up is also the 40 th year of the great development of Chinese grammar study.Especially,Chinese academic circles begin to reflect on modern Chinese grammar study,and actively explore under the direction of"get rid of the interruptions of Indo-European,study Chinese in plain view",which promotes the further study of Chinese grammar.Finally,the article points out some bad style of study and writing styles,as well as the existing problems that cannot be ignored in modern Chinese grammar study.It puts forward the direction of future study and emphasizes the positive thinking and gradual moves towards the path of Chinese grammar study merging and crossing with other disciplines,with the"linguistics+"mode,on the basis of improving the research in modern Chinese grammar study,and constantly enhancing the growth points of new subjects to make the modern Chinese grammar study serve for the country,the society and the human being better.