现代汉语因果句式与致使句式逻辑及语义关系对比研究

A Contrastive Study of the Causal and Causation Relationship from the Perspective of Logic Reasoning and Semantic Category

语言表达中的因果关系和逻辑意义上的因果关系是不同的,但二者都涉及一定的推理过程。语言表达中听话人为了理解因果句式通常要进行听话人假设,这种假设大致可分为三种类型,分别是“三域”假设、逻辑命题假设和常识假设。致使句式通常是从影响与被影响的角度进行界定的,其表达的逻辑关系是一个事件导致另一个事件发生变化的事件链。研究发现,因果关系所表达的推理恰好是从包括致使关系在内的事件链中进行部件选取然后经语言表征而完成推理过程的,因而致使关系可认定为是一种特殊的因果关系,其强调的致使力和致使结果与因果关系强调的内涵不具有矛盾性。

The causal relationship in the language expression and the causal relationship in the logical sense are different,but the common basis of the two is showing reasoning.In order to understand causality sentence for the hearer,the hearer needs to make some assumptions.There are roughly three types of assumptions:those from the perspective of"three domains",those from the perspective of logical propositions and those from the perspective of common sense.The causative relationship is usually semantically defined from the perspective of influencing and being influenced.The causative relationship expresses a chain of events in which one event causes another to change.The reasoning expressed by causality happens to be characterized by selecting and then selecting parts from the chain of events including the causative relationship,so as to complete the reasoning.Thus,the causative relationship is often considered a causal relationship.At the same time,the causative power and causative results emphasized by the causative relationship are not contradictory to the content in the causal relationship.