“以色列之旅”——基于关键教育体验理论的以色列道德教育实践探析

The Israeli Journey——A Study of the Israeli Moral Education Practice Based on the Key Educational Experiences Theory

以色列高度重视本国公民的德性养成,教育部在全国高中大力推广普及“以色列之旅”这一道德教育实践活动,其实质是价值观培育与重构。该活动通过创设不同场景,引导学生思考自我及自我与组织的关系,帮助学生构建及重构自我认知和自我认同,进而实现道德认知发展。“以色列之旅”以关键教育体验理论为理论根基,该理论是当前以色列指导本国道德教育实践的最为主流的教育理论,在建构过程中充分吸收了经验学说、高峰体验理论、明朗化体验和关键事件法等相关理论学说的精髓,并有着自身突出的理论贡献。

Israel gives great emphasis on cultivating morality among its citizens.The Israeli Ministry of Education has widely generalized the moral educational practice,"The Israeli Journey",the core of which is the cultivation and reconstruction of values among students.In"The Israeli Journey",students go out of campus to different sites with diverse themes.Students were guided by the teachers to think and reflect about the relationships between self and the organization of different levels.By participating in such an activity,students'self-cognition and self-identity were re-constructed.Thus,moral development among students were likely to be achieved.The implementation of"The Israeli Journey"is guided by the key educational experiences theory.It is the dominant theory guiding the practice of moral education in contemporary Israel,which has borrowed elements from experiences theory,peak-experiences theory,crystalizing experiences theory and the critical incident method and has its unique theoretical contributions.