对外开放对城乡收入差距的空间溢出效应研究

Study on the Spatial Spillover Effect of Opening-up on Urban-Rural Income Gap

文章基于2006-2016年31个省区的面板数据,从商品流动和要素流动两方面构建地区对外开放的指标体系,运用熵值法对地区对外开放水平进行测度,并把测量结果作为核心解释变量,运用空间滞后面板、空间杜宾面板模型进行回归分析,衡量对外开放对31个省区城乡收入差距的空间溢出效应。结果表明:我国城乡收入差距具有明显的空间自相关性,呈现由东到西逐渐扩大的趋势,且相邻省区的溢出效应明显;对外开放可以明显缩小本省区和相邻省区的城乡收入差距,政府财政支出和交通基础设施对缩小城乡收入差距也有显著的直接效应和溢出效应;而产业结构和城市人力资本水平对缩小城乡收入差距的直接效应和溢出效应尚不明显。

Based on the panel data of 31 provinces from 2006 to 2016,this paper constructs the index system of regional opening-up from the aspects of commodity flow and factor flow,and uses the entropy method to measure the level of regional opening up,and uses the measurement results as the core explanation variables,using spatial lag panel and space Dubin panel model for regression analysis to measure the spatial spillover effect of opening-up to the urban-rural income gap of 31 provinces. The results show that the urban-rural income gap has obvious spatial autocorrelation,showing a trend of gradually expanding from east to west,and the spillover effect of neighboring provinces is obvious;opening up can significantly reduce the urban-rural income gap of the province and neighboring provinces. Government fiscal expenditure and transportation infrastructure also have significant direct effects and spillover effects on narrowing the urban-rural income gap;while the direct effect and spillover effect of industrial structure and urban human capital level on narrowing the urban-rural income gap are not obvious yet.