红宝石无核בSP6164’杂交群体果实性状遗传倾向

Inheritance Trend of the Fruit Traits of Hybrid Populations of Ruby Seedless and ’SP6164’

【目的】研究红宝石无核葡萄果实性状的遗传规律。【方法】以红宝石无核בSP6164’杂交群体134个F1代植株为试材,测定其种痕或种子大小、果实香味、果粒单重、果皮颜色、果粒纵横径、果实可溶性固形物含量、果粒的耐压力和果蒂的耐拉力等果实性状指标,分析群体核性、果实香味、果粒大小、果色、果形、果实含糖量、果实耐贮运性等指标的遗传倾向。【结果】群体55.97%的单株为无核,4.48%的为香型类,果粒重量呈趋中遗传趋势,91.8%的单株表现为增大,紫红-红紫的单株比例最高,为36.09%,主要趋向椭圆形,比例为55.9%,果实含糖量遗传力83.53%,有8.96%的超高亲单株,平均耐压力遗传力为83.05%,但有2.24%的超高亲单株,平均耐拉力遗传力为119.27%,具有27.61%的超高亲单株。【结论】红宝石无核与香味有核品系‘SP6164’杂交,可以获得高比例的无核后代和一定比例的香味后代,群体中各项性状指标均获得一定的加性效应表达,但在单粒重、耐拉力两项指标上表现的更显著。

【Objective】 To explore the inheritance of the fruit traits of Ruby Seedless grape.【Method】 It evaluated the criteria of main fruit characteristics of the size of seed scar or seed, fruit fragrance, berry weight, surface color of pericarp, longitudinal and transverse diameter of fruit grains, content of soluble solids in fruits, stress tolerance of fruit grain and tensile tolerance of fruit pedicle by 134 progenies originating of Ruby Seedless ×''SP6164', and analyzed the genetic tendency of seed trait, fruit fragrance, berry weight, surface color of pericarp, fruit shape, sugar content in fruit, storage and transportation tolerance of fruits.【Result】 Among the population, 55.97% were seedless, 4.48% were aromatic, and the weight of fruit grains tended to be moderately inherited. 91.8% were increased. The proportion of purple-red-purple was the highest (36.09%), mainly elliptic (55.9%), the heritability of fruit sugar content was 83.53%, and 8.96% of the super-high parents were inherited with average stress tolerance. The average heritability of pull tolerance was 119.27%, with 27.61% of the super-parent plants.【Conclusion】 A large proportion of seedless progenies and a certain proportion of aroma progenies could be obtained by crossing Ruby Seedless with ''SP6164'', which was a fragrance line. The additive effect expression of each character index in the population could be obtained, but it was more significant in the two indexes of single grain weight and tensile endurance.