多发性骨髓瘤患者患病后真实体验的质性研究

Qualitative Study on Real Experience of Patients with Multiple Myeloma

为了探索多发性骨髓瘤患者患病后的真实体验,并为血液病房护理实践提供依据,采用质性研究中的现象学研究方法,于2017年6—12月对12例多发性骨髓瘤患者进行半结构式访谈,根据Colaizzi7步分析法对资料进行整理分析;并在此基础上将多发性骨髓瘤患者患病后的真实体验归纳为4个主题:对早期症状的忽视——误诊;确诊后强烈的情绪反应——焦虑;承受剧烈的躯体疼痛——骨痛;生活质量与家庭功能状态——相关。基于多发性骨髓瘤患者患病后会出现复杂、强烈的身心反应,护理人员应了解骨髓瘤患者的切身感受和心理需求,在治疗护理患者同时,关注患者的身心健康,进一步丰富护理内涵,提高护理质量。

In order to explore the real experience of patients with multiple myeloma and provide basis for nursing practice in blood ward, this study used phenomenological research methods to conduct the qualitative research. In this study, 12 patients with multiple myeloma were interviewed semi-structurally from June to December in 2017. The data were collected and analyzed according to Colaizzi’s 7-step analysis method. On this basis, the real experience of patients with multiple myeloma can be summarized into four themes, including: neglect of early symptoms--misdiagnosis, strong emotional response after diagnosis--anxiety, severe physical pain--ostealgia, life quality and family function state--related. Because of the complex and strong physical and mental reactions of patients with multiple myeloma, nurses should understand the personal feelings and psychological needs of patients with multiple myeloma. When treating and nursing patients, nurses should pay attention to their physical and mental health, further enrich the connotation of nursing and improve the quality of nursing.