新中国成立70年来大学生思想政治观念代际特征及教育发展趋向研究

Intergenerational Characteristics of College Students’ Ideological and Political Concept and the Educational Development Trend since the Founding of the People’s Republic of China Seventy Years Ago

中华人民共和国成立70年来,中国大学生思想政治观念发展具有明显的代际特征变化,呈现否定之否定的发展轨迹。思想政治教育实践在与大学生思想政治观念代际特征相适应的过程中不断发展,呈现教育形态从运动经验化向制度学科化转变、教育主体从重视教育者出发向关注教育对象出发转变、教育内容从政治教育向全面发展教育转变、教育方式从单一封闭向多元开放转变的发展规律。新时代的思想政治教育应积极回应大学生代际特征的新要求,构建既充分发挥学校党政主导性又具主体性、既具稳定性又具开放适应性、既具意识形态性又具大学生价值共识性、既具灌输性又具互动多样性、既具外在显性又具内在隐性的教育新模式,在引领思想认识中提高大学生的思想政治观念,在政治观教育中升华大学生的思想政治观念,在道德引导中完善大学生的思想政治观念。

Since the founding of the People's Republic of China seventy years ago, the development of college students' ideological and political concept in China has changed obviously with intergenerational characteristics, showing a negative development track. The education practice has been continuously adapting to this variation, and the education form has changed from campaign to institutional discipline;the education subject has shifted from teacher-oriented to student-oriented;the education content has changed from political education to comprehensive development education;and the education mode has changed from single closed to multiple open. Ideological and political education in the new era should actively respond to the new requirements of intergenerational characteristics. A new mode of education needs to be constructed, which should not only give full play to the leading role of the Party and government, but also has its own subjectivity. It should be both stable and open, both ideological and consistent with the values of college students, both cramming and interactive, both explicit and implicit. In this way, the ideological and political concept of college students can be improved by leading their ideological awareness, refined by educating their outlooks on politics, and perfected by guiding their moral and ethics.