经脐胃镜下保胆取石术的临床研究

Clinical value of gallbladder-preserving cholelithotomy by natural orifice transumbilical endoscopic surgery

目的评估经脐胃镜下保胆取石术治疗胆囊结石的临床效果和安全性。方法2018年4月至2018年7月,采用经脐胃镜下保胆取石术治疗的15例胆囊结石病例纳入回顾性分析,汇总手术完成情况、手术时间、术中出血量、并发症等。结果15例均顺利完成手术,术中患者生命体征平稳。手术时间(108±12)min(92~129 min),术中出血10~30 mL。术后8例右上腹轻微疼痛,7例脐部切口轻微疼痛。无发热、切口感染、脐疝、腹膜炎、腹腔积液等并发症发生。所有患者术后1 d即可流质饮食,2 d可下床活动,4~5 d可出院。出院后1周所有患者恢复正常生活,术后1个月复查脐部手术瘢痕小而隐匿,体表基本无可见切口。4例术后3个月复查彩超提示胆囊收缩功能良好,无胆囊结石复发。结论经脐胃镜下保胆取石术治疗胆囊结石安全、有效,术后瘢痕小而隐匿,美容效果较好。

Objective To investigate the clinical value of gallbladder-preserving cholelithotomy by natural orifice transumbilical endoscopic surgery on patients with cholecystolithiasis. Methods A retrospective study was performed on data of 15 patients with cholecystolithiasis, who underwent gallbladder-preserving cholelithotomy by natural orifice transumbilical endoscopic surgery from April 2018 to July 2018. The operative data, including situation of operation, operative time, intraoperative hemorrhage, and postoperative complications were recorded. Results The procedure was performed successfully in all patients with a mean operative time of 108±12 min (ranged from 92-129 min). The intraoperative hemorrhage was 10-30 mL. Eight patients suffered from slight right upper abdominal pain, and 7 patients felt slight pain in umbilical a week after surgery. No fever, incision infection, umbilical hemia, peritonitis, and ascites were reported. The clear-liquid diet was recommended for one day after operation, and postoperative activity was allowed since the second day after operation. All patients were discharged on the fourth or fifth day, and all recovered to their normal life at one week after discharge. Follow-up showed that the scar was small and hidden in umbilical without visible incision after one month. Ultrasonic examination results showed that gallbladder contractile function worked perfectly in four patients and no gallbladder stone was found after three months. Conclusion Gallbladder-preserving cholelithotomy by natural orifice transumbilical endoscopic surgery is a safe and effective option for patients with cholecystolithiasis, provides excellent cosmetic outcomes, and can be appropriately carried out under the strict control of surgical indications.