不同厚度、不同材质护齿膜片能量吸收特性分析

Study on energy absorption of mouthguard splints by impact test

目的:利用冲击试验测试不同厚度、不同材质的护齿膜片吸收能量的性能.方法:1-4、7号膜片分别为BIOPLAST 5、4、3、2、1 mm的软质膜片,5号膜片为ERKOLOC-PRO 2 mm的软硬结合膜片,6号膜片为DURAN 2 mm的硬质膜片.冲击压头从不同高度冲击膜片,利用高速摄像采集系统,拍摄冲击压头下落、压入膜片以及回弹的过程,将图像传输至软件进行数据处理,获得冲击压头的入射速度、入射深度及回弹高度.计算膜片碰撞过程中吸收的能量和吸收能量比,反映不同护齿膜片吸收能量的性能.采用SPSS 22.0软件包中的单因素方差分析及最小显著性差异法,分析不同组别之间的差异.结果:冲击压头下落高度越高,碰撞过程中护齿膜片的能量吸收比越大.软质护齿膜片中,1、2、3、4、7号膜片平均吸收能量比有显著差异(P<0.05);其中,7号1 mm膜片碰撞过程中平均吸收能量比最大,为(77.98±2.19)%.对于2 mm不同材质的护齿膜片,4、5、6号膜片平均吸收能量比有显著差异(P<0.05);其中,软质膜片和软硬结合膜片的能量吸收比较大,硬质膜片最小.结论:3 mm护齿膜片的吸收能量性能不亚于4、5 mm膜片,其性能足够支持其用于制作运动护齿,且具有轻薄舒适的优势.软质和软硬结合膜片相比于硬质膜片,更适合用于制作运动护齿.

PURPOSE: Using impact test to study energy absorption ability of mouthguard splints of different thickness and materials. METHODS: In this experiment, group 1 was BIOPLAST 5 mm splint, group 2 was BIOPLAST 4 mm splint, group 3 was BIOPLAST 3 mm splint, group 4 was BIOPLAST 2 mm splint and group 7 was BIOPLAST 1 mm splint. Group 5 was ERKOLOC-PRO 2 mm splint, group 6 was DURAN 2 mm splint. Mouthguard splints were clashed by impact head from different heights. Digital Image Correlation System was used to record the process of the test. Images were transferred to data processing software, to analyze incident speed, incident depth and rebound height of the impact head. Absorbed energy and energy absorption ratio were calculated to analyze energy absorption ability of mouthguard splints of different thickness and materials. The data were analyzed using SPSS 22.0 software package for one -way analysis of variance and L5D. RESULTS: The higher impact head fell, the larger energy absorption ratio was. There was significant difference among group 1, 2, 3, 4, 7 in average energy absorption ratio (P<0.05), and group 7 was the largest. There was significant difference among group 4, 5, 6 in average energy absorption ratio (P<0.05), among which group 4 and group 5 were larger. CONCLUSIONS: 3 mm splint is good enough to be used to make mouthguard, which is also thinner and more comfortable. Splint of soft material is more suitable for mouthguard than splint of hard material.